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ORGANIC CARBON IN SOIL - DETERMINATION BY WALKLEY & BLACK METHOD.

TITLE :- Determination of organic carbon in soil by walkley & black method.  Principle -   The organic carbon in organic matter is oxidised by known excess of chromic acid .(K2 cr2 O7 + H2 s o4). The excess acid chromic acid not reduced by organic matter is determined by Black titration which standard feso4 solution (redox titration) using ferroin indicator. the organic in soil calculated from the chromic acid utilised (reduced by it) Reagent  Potassium dichromate solutions,  Dissolve 49.04gm of dried reagents grade potassium dichromate, K2cr2O7 in distilled water & dilute it to one liter.  Ferrous sulphate solutions 0.5N Dissolve 139gm of reagent grade ferrous sulphate feso4. 7H2o in distilled  water and add 15ml of concentrated H2so4 cool and dilute to one litters or dissolve 196.19gm ferrous  ammonium sulphate feso4(NH4)so4.6H2o and making up-to one litters standardized the solution against potassium add 20 ml concentrated H2so4, before making 1 liter  volume.  Ferroin indic
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Determination of CLORIDES from irrigation water sample.

Aim - Determination of chloride from irrigation water simple.  Principle - Mohr's titration method (argentrometric) is most commonly used for chlorides determination.  It Depend upon formation of sparingly soluble greek silver chromate (AgcrO4) precipitated at the end point.  When sample is titrated against the standard Silver Nitrate (AgNo3) solution in presence of potassium chromate (k2crO4) as colour indicator. Reagents - 1) potassium chromate indicator 5% solution - Dissolved 5gm potassium chromate in about 75 distilled water and add saturated solution of silver nitrate. Dropwise until a slite permanent red precipitated is formed. Filter and dilute 100ml with distilled water . 2) standard silver nitrate (0.02 normality AgNo3) - Dissolved 3.40 gram silver nitrate in distilled water and volume made up to 1 litre and stored in Amber colour bottle away from light.  Procedure - Take 10 ml of water sample in hundred ml conical flask and dilute to 25 ml with distilled water.  Add 5 dr
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Determination of available potassium from soil.

TITLE - Detemination of available potassium from soil.  REAGENTS  -  1) Neutral ammonium acetate - Dissolved 77.1 gram ammonium acetate 900 ml water & adjust the pH to 7 by Acetic Acid or Ammonium hydroxide dilute to 1 litre. 2) preparation of standad solution.- Dissolved 1.908 gram KCL in distal water. And makeup the final volume one litre. this solution called as stock solution. 3)  Preparation working solution. - Take 10 ml solution from stock solution and makeup volume 100 ml. 4) Preparation of standard series - Prepare 0 2 4 6 8 10 ml of working solution **** PROCEDURES  - 1) Take 5 gram of soil in conical flask. 2) Add 25 ml of neutral normal            ammonium acetate.  3) Shake for 5 minut. 4) Filter the content.  5) Take reading on flame photometer. GRAPH FACTOR Graph factor reading            Flame Concentration.                      Photometer                                                   Reading.  0                              -             2                     
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