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ORGANIC CARBON IN SOIL - DETERMINATION BY WALKLEY & BLACK METHOD.

TITLE :- Determination of organic carbon in soil by walkley & black method.  Principle -   The organic carbon in organic matter is oxidised by known excess of chromic acid .(K2 cr2 O7 + H2 s o4). The excess acid chromic acid not reduced by organic matter is determined by Black titration which standard feso4 solution (redox titration) using ferroin indicator. the organic in soil calculated from the chromic acid utilised (reduced by it) Reagent  Potassium dichromate solutions,  Dissolve 49.04gm of dried reagents grade potassium dichromate, K2cr2O7 in distilled water & dilute it to one liter.  Ferrous sulphate solutions 0.5N Dissolve 139gm of reagent grade ferrous sulphate feso4. 7H2o in distilled  water and add 15ml of concentrated H2so4 cool and dilute to one litters or dissolve 196.19gm ferrous  ammonium sulphate feso4(NH4)so4.6H2o and making up-to one litters standardized the solution against potassium add 20 ml concentrated H2so4, before...
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Determination of calcium and magnesium from irrigation water sample.

Title -  of calcium and magnesium from irrigation water sample.  Principles - Sodium EDTA forms complex, A stronger Complex with calcium and magnesium in alkaline buffer medium of pH is 10 using EBT indicator. At the end of reaction the colour of indicator changes from wine red to blue or blueish green.  Reagents  1) Buffer solutions - Add 67.5 gm pure ammonium chloride in 570 ml concentrated ammonium Hydroxide and make up the volume to 1 litre with distilled water. 2) Erichrome black T indicators. - Weight 0.5 gram of EBT di* and 4.5 gram hydroxylamine hydrochloride(NH2oH.Hcl) and dissolved both in hundred ml of Ethylene alcohol.  3)EDTA Solution - 0.01N  Weight 2 gram disodium salt of EDTA and dissolved in distilled water and make up volume of 1 litre with distilled water. 4) Potassium ferrocyanide - Dissolve 4 gram potassium ferricyanide in hundred ml distilled water.  5) Triethanolamine - TEA Indicator reagent grade.  6) Hydroxylamine hydrocho...
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Determination of SULPHATE from irrigation water sample.

Aim - Determination of Sulphate from irrigation water. Principle Sulphate iron are precipitate as Barium sulphate crystal of uniform size in acidic medium. Method Terbidimetric method. Reagents  1) Barium chloride ( Bacl2 . 2 H2O  crystal of  20-30) 2) conditioning reagent - Dissolve 75 gram sodium chloride in 300 ml distilled water. Add 30 ml of concentrated HCL and hundred ml 95% ethyl alcohol (or isopropyl alcohol ) and 50 ml of glycerol and mix well and makeup volume to 500ml distilled water. 3) standard sulphate solution - Dissolved 0.1479 gram of unhydrous sodium sulphate In distilled water and make up to 1000ml. This gives 100 microgram per ml (PPM) solution of sulphate. Procedure Take hundred ml water sample into 250 Ml conical flask.  Add 5 ml conditioning reagent and mix well using magnetic stirrer.                      The speed of stirring should be same for both sample and standard.  While stirr...
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